Sometimes when situations are particularly challenging or dangerous, it can be hard to find people who are willing to go first—people who will be out front and in the lead. The Church has found this to be true on occasion during times of persecution. Leaders can become a special target for persecution, so people might shy away from a leadership role or from leading with any real effectiveness.
These believers that Peter was writing to in Asia Minor may have been facing that dilemma, which is perhaps why Peter’s thoughts turned toward the elders among the people in the passage we’re going to look at today.
Central Idea: To be a strong church in all seasons, each of us must be like Christ—some of us by leading, all of us by embracing humility.
1. Some of us by leading…
This little word “so” in v. 1 has been fascinating me as I’ve been thinking about this passage. It tells us that what Peter is about to say to the elders is not a diversion from this whole discussion about persecution, but a logical extension of it. What is needed when a congregation finds itself facing persecution? Godly, Christ-like leadership.
[READ vv. 1-2a] “Exercising oversight” is a summary of what elders are supposed to do, and “shepherding” is a picture of how elders are supposed to do it. The elders of a church are supposed to oversee every aspect of the life of that church. They can certainly delegate some responsibility to others, like deacons or other leaders, but to borrow that famous phrase from Harry Truman, the buck stops here! The elders are finally and ultimately responsible for the life of the church.
Exercising oversight is what the elders are supposed to do, and they are supposed to do it the way that a shepherd would care for his flock. Shepherding back then was a job that has almost no exact parallel today. The shepherd would literally live with his sheep and look after their every need. Sheep were on the level of livestock, but maybe the best comparison to what that relationship was like is the way that we care for house pets today. We let them live with us and we look after their every need. We develop a personal bond with them and genuinely care for them.
So elders are not supposed to lead in some kind of cold, detached, disinterested sort of way—our leadership is supposed to flow out of personal concern for the members of our church, built upon bonds of love. Peter then goes on to give three clarifications for how elders are supposed to go about their work.
First, he writes, “not under compulsion, but willingly, as God would have you.” It might sound odd to think of an elder serving out of compulsion, but it does happen! For example, men become pastors for a variety of reasons, one of which might be pressure from others. Perhaps grandma has always dreamed of having a pastor in the family, and maybe no one really wants to do that, but one grandson jumps into it out of a feeling of obligation.
Or perhaps a church’s constitution calls for a 5-man elder board, but only 4 willing elders can be found. What are you going to do then? The constitution says there has to be 5, so somebody might have to be pressured into it against their will. So a man could end up serving out of compulsion, but of course in that scenario his heart won’t be in it, so his effectiveness will be greatly limited.
Peter’s second clarification is, “not for shameful gain, but eagerly.” A man should serve as an elder not because of what he might get out of it, but because of what he can give to others. An elder might receive financial support if he is also in the position of pastor, but this should not be his greatest motivation. He might also receive honor and praise from others, but he shouldn’t make those things the fuel of his service, either. He should be eager to serve, even if he gets no tangible benefits out of it.
Third, Peter writes, “not domineering over those in your charge, but being examples to the flock.” An elder should draw people toward Christ by his example, not drag them toward his own agenda through manipulation or pressure. Too many men have looked at the church as a place where they can feed their own appetite for power and control over others, but a godly elder must not be that way. He must remember that he is shepherding the flock of God, not his own flock. The church is not his own little kingdom where he can rule like a dictator—it is the flock of God that is to be cared for lovingly and with tenderness.
If an elder will serve in these ways, he stands to receive honor from none other than Christ himself [READ v. 4]. The chief Shepherd, of course, is Jesus Christ. He is the true shepherd of God’s flock – the Good Shepherd who laid down his life for the sheep, as he said himself in John 10. This fact is an encouraging reminder for elders, because we are not perfect in our role. But despite our imperfections, the chief Shepherd is always on the job overseeing his flock. And if we seek to serve him well in this position, we will receive unique praise and reward from him when he returns.
So a congregation needs godly leadership to oversee its spiritual life, and this is perhaps doubly important when a congregation faces persecution. Those times can be very uncertain times, and the flock of God needs clear, compassionate, and Christ-like leaders to lead the way. The elders of the church can acknowledge this by leading in the proper way, and the congregation can acknowledge the importance of leadership by following the lead of their leaders!
[READ v. 5a] Here, Peter is acknowledging the reality that typically speaking, elders are going to be among the older generations of the congregation. So he refers to the others as “you who are younger,” and he calls them to be subject to the elders.
This does not mean that there should be an unquestioning obedience of the elders or some kind of cult-like following, but it does mean that the congregation should submit to the guidance and oversight of the elders. That decision is a very Christ-like attitude as well, because you may remember that Jesus has submitted himself to the leadership of God the Father. That is perhaps the primary reason that we refer to them as God the Father and God the Son, because of that relationship of leadership and submission.
For the congregation to follow the lead of the elders is also a very humble response, which leads us right into Peter’s statement about humility at the end of verse five.
So to be a strong church in all seasons, each of us must be like Christ – some of us by leading, all of us by embracing humility.
2. …all of us by embracing humility.
[READ v. 5b] This word picture of clothing ourselves with humility is so telling. When you see another person, perhaps the very first thing you notice about them is their clothing. Or if you’re trying to describe a person to someone else, one of the first things you might mention is that person’s clothing – “he’s the guy in the red shirt over there.”
Your clothing is the most dominant feature of your appearance, and likewise, humility should be clear and obvious in the way that we relate to each other. The life of our church should not be characterized by power plays or ego trips but by serving one another and a refusal to think of ourselves as being more important and valuable than others.
Humility is one of the most obvious ways in which we can imitate our Lord Jesus Christ. Every movement of his life was marked by humility. The decision to be born into this world in the first place was clothed in humility. Philippians 2:6-8 says that Jesus, “though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.”
Our Lord chose to be born into a family of simple peasants, common folk. Yes, they were in the royal bloodline of King David, but all the trappings of royalty had long since disappeared from their family. Our Lord then spent the vast majority of his life – 30 of his 33 years – living in humble obedience to his parents. And even after he had conducted his public ministry and become such a well-known figure, he could be found on the night before he died with a towel around his waist, washing the feet of his disciples – a task that was typically performed by the lowliest servant in a household. If there ever was a man who was clothed in humility, certainly was our Lord Jesus Christ. Reflecting on his life and actions will help us to know what such a life of humility looks like.
And according to Peter in our passage for today, why must we clothe ourselves with humility toward one another? Because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. How sobering to think that God himself might oppose the life of our congregation rather than support it, but if we are a proud and arrogant people, that’s exactly what we might find! Like the prophet Balaam who set out to curse the children of Israel, we might find God blocking our way to hinder us from moving forward if we are acting in pride.
At all times in the life of our church, Christ-like behavior must be on full display. That is especially important when pressure from outside the church might be making life hard for us. For some of us, acting like Christ will mean taking the lead by setting the example for others to follow and being the chief servants who are overseeing the life of the flock. For all of us, acting like Christ will mean embracing humility – wearing it like a beautiful garment that adorns everything we do. With spiritual health like that in our church, we can be certain that God will not be opposing us but sustaining us with his grace to do his will.